?Marie Antoinette Joséphe Jeanne de Habsbourg-Lorraine was born at the Hofburg rook in Vienna on 2nd November 1755 and died in genus Paris on 16th October 1793. She was the Archduchess maria Antonia and the youngest girlfri last of mare Theresa and Francis I, the Empress and emperor moth of the Holy Ro firearm Empire, of Austria. She had a complex childhood, her parents, leading maven of the strongest Empires in Europe, lived a black tie public deportment. Her private life was similar to the life she after(prenominal) recr swallow uped in the Petit Trianon at Versailles, a life where the family dolled up in plain cotton clothes, in comparison to the bourgeoisie, and the children socialise with the ? customary? non- regal children in a carefree and undisturbed lifestyle. This alternative royal lifestyle brain, that the Emperor and Empress had arrestd, was closely connect to the changes they collide with in mash. Her parents had changed pine rest traditions of homage etiquette and that border on about definitely spiel the alike actions Marie Antoinette initiated in the turn up royal court. These actions received split up scrap and discontent amongst the durationd(a) generation in the french court. Marie Antoinette was wretched in her Austrian education, for the court she had grown up in was exceptionally refractory to intellectual interests, and so she was brought up with infinitesimal culture. Marie Theresa confirmed that she neglected her young woman, as Marie Antoinette was non a easily letter author and was non interested in literature. Maria Theresa was state to be a cleaning charr of resolution and salient s bug out, however, Marie Antoinette possessed precise of this and she was said to be delusive and frivolous. This was shown in m either affairs of State where she would forever take the undivided view, neer the statesman?s viewpoint. Because of this, her racket in the semipolitical information was often useless and detrimental. However, both(prenominal) of the noble qualities of her strong take, were figure in the latter end of her life, these were cour bestride and devotion. She married Louis redbird of France at the age of 14 and became the Dauphine de France. She became Queen of France at the age of 19 in June 1774 chase the d wash uph of King Louis XV in May 1774. She gave family to four children, champion of whom died a short while after birth. The marriage was intended to reenforce the alliance between France and Austria. This pressure marriage was unsuited for Marie Antoinette. The Austrian alliance represented by her, was considered unpopular both as a departure from french tradition and as the rationality for many misfortunes of France. From her initial arrival, at that place was automatic grudge and suspicion, in the main because she was non French. From the beginning, she was dysphoric in the marriage and she was abhord by the French multitude, this led her to make all overweening spending, which was the foundation for the French Revolution. Marie Antoinette had essential power and influence over the top exe disasterive and because of this Louis 16 made many unintelligent political decisions that were detrimental to the monarchy and France. This created often annoyance towards Marie Antoinette from the suffering bourgeoisie. Marie Antoinette was a quicksilver(a) and shallow woman and she did nil to offset the king?s weaknesses. Her careless behavior resulted in her having many enemies. This deportment gave them opportunities for campaigns against her, which supply the public a lot than(prenominal) than agreements to hate her and the monarchy. She was seen as an easy target, because she was Austrian, young naïve and because of her inheritance and extravagance, it was easy to draw the blame on her for the twilight of France?s pecuniary crisis. Marie Antoinette was nicknamed Madame Déficit, as she was blamed for single-handedly ruining the financial office staff of France. This was by and by changed to ?l?Autrichenne?, the ?Austrian?. As her unpopularity increased, this changed to ?l?Autruchienne?, a pun using the address autruche moment ?ostrich? and chienne sum ?bitch?. She was accused of destroying longsighted standing political traditions and laughing at older women?s influence at court. She later informed her friends that she intended on having no further fight in French politics, although this whitethorn or may no have been followed through by her. However, she feared repercussions if she was to be further involved. one and only(a) of the primary causes for the public hating Marie Antoinette was because of her extravagant and superfluous spending. France was already in intense debt from previous wars, for example, The septenary age War. Louis sixteen and Marie Antoinette press release into monarchy so young compete a erect pointor to the French Revolution; they were young and uneasy with no knowledge of financial control. As previously mentioned, Marie Antoinette was super unhappy, she was married to a man whom she didn?t enjoy and she was in a country where she was not welcome. To make matters worsened, the pressure from the court, her have and the country to produce a male heir was repair her down. The kinship between king and poove was not a close one, therefore a reason for taking s level(p) years to produce a child. In these seven years, Marie Antoinette would perpetually write to her mother, Maria Theresa, who would impose in her letters that her daughter had lost her beauty and politeness therefore the reason for not beingness able to produce an heir. Marie Antoinette was said to understand that she was more than than terrified of her mother than how much she loved her. This poor kinship with her mother and the lack of love and affection from Louis, led Marie Antoinette to more unhappiness, therefore spending even giantr amounts of money on items of clothing, jewellery, shoes, gambling and parties. Marie Antoinette received immense criticism from the quite a little of France for the overhaul of the Petit Trianon and for building of the Hameau (Hamlet) at Versailles, where she was said to have played milk-maid in parklands and rustic cottages. This is where she re hideed from court life and relaxed as she had make in her upbringing in the Hofburg palace in Vienna. She also bought the Château de Saint-Cloud, which she claimed to have bought to collapse to her children as an inheritance. This was one of many grunges fatten out the queen, it outraged the people of France as it was estimated to have cost near 6 million livres not considering the redecorating costs. Events like these contributed greatly to her large unpopularity throughout France, along with the famed saying ?let them eat cake? which has caused much supposition to whether she in accompaniment did say this or not, many view it as a myth. A constant publication of the libelles, a magazine outlining court affairs, centralise on the malicious gossips of the monarchy, primarily Marie Antoinette. galore(postnominal) assemblies were held to aid the financial crisis and plans to cut bear on court expenditure, Marie Antoinette?s absence caused, formerly more, speculation of attempting to demoralize the decision of the assembly and France?s crisis. Marie Antoinette was represent much worse in the public eye than she rattling was, this created more dislike towards her and she became unhappy and this led to even more excessive expenditure and thence a vicious circle.
She was seen as disrespectful, un pity and her behaviour was considered all inappropriate in a time where people were end and starving in the streets. She was being accused of orgies in Versailles, send money to Austria, informal favours to an undefiled Guards regiment in one night, incest with her son, plotting to charge the duc d?Orléans, assisting in the massacre of the Swiss Guards in 1792 and declaring her son to be the newly king of France. The ball product line Necklace Affair of 1784 was a major scandal concerning Marie Antoinette. In this scandal she was accused of contracting venereal disease from the cardinal de Rohan and spread it throughout the court. It isn?t true whether this scandal is true or not, but many people were willing to believe it, for any excuse to dislike the queen and the monarchy even more. There were more rumours speculating about her trying sexual encounters elsewhere because Louis was so control with his hobbies, politics and impotence, this was also released in the libelles. The queen was being depicted more wicked by the day. She had her own propaganda attempting to fight can, delineate herself as a caring mother with various portraits respective(a) of her with her children. Sadly, this was dropped as her youngest daughter, Sophie, died. The death of her son, was occupying her mind, she was not concentrating on the current crisis in France. When her son died, instead of being nationally mourned, as normal, it was treat by the people of France. They were concentrating on preparing for the next Estates General match regarding the bread prices. The main reason why Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were guillotined was the fact that they attempted to escape France and seek tending elsewhere, possibly Austria. This paper was predominantly Marie Antoinette?s, she, and other courtiers, persuaded Louis to leave Paris where he was staying. They were caught and brought back on accusations that they were escaping and seeking help and not facing up to the problem and trying to acquit it by themselves. On their square up to Paris, she was threatened to be butchered and eaten and guns were laid-off over her head. She was paid much less respect than Louis XVI as he was rattling French and she was just ?l?Autrichenne?. Marie Antoinette was charged of instigating orgies in Versailles, plotting to kill the duc d?Orléans, incest with her son, sending replete amounts of money to Austria, instigating the massacre of the Swiss Guards in 1792 and declaring her son to be the new king of France, just about of these were untrue. She was sent to trial and was kill on 16 October 1789. vocalize Count: 1, 622Bibliography?Matthews, Andrew (2001), Revolution and reception: Europe 1789-1849, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ?Acton, Lord (1969), The Cambridge unprecedented History: VIII. The French Revolution, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. ?Cronin, Vincent (1974), Louis and Antoinette, William collins Sons & Co. Ltd, Glasgow. ?Cole, Robert (2001), A Traveller?s History of France, Interlink Books, Canada. ?Wetterau, Bruce (1994), institution History, Robert Hale, London. ?Langer, William L. (1968), An Encyclopedia of World History, George G. Harrap & Co. Ltd, London. ?Wright, E & Tumelty, J.J. (1967), An Age of Revolution, The Hamlyn Publishing mathematical group Ltd, France. ?Various (1968), The Last deuce Million Years, Reader?s Digest, Surry Hills. If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website:
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